Bad USB
Flipper Zero can act as a BadUSB device, recognized by computers as a Human Interface Device (HID), such as a keyboard or even a mouse. A BadUSB device can change system settings, open backdoors, retrieve data, initiate reverse shells, or basically do anything that can be achieved with physical access. It is done by executing a set of commands written in the Rubber Ducky Scripting Language, also known as DuckyScript. This set of commands is also called a payload.
On this page, you’ll learn about how BadUSB devices work and how to turn your Flipper Zero into one. Note that you can connect Flipper Zero to a computer not only via USB, but also via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).
Before using your Flipper Zero as a BadUSB device, you need to write a payload in the .txt format in any common ASCII text editor using the scripting language. Flipper Zero can execute extended Rubber Ducky script syntax. The syntax is compatible with the classic Rubber Ducky Scripting Language 1.0 but provides additional commands and features, such as the ALT+Numpad input method, SysRq command, and more.
Once the payload is created, you can upload it to your Flipper Zero via qFlipper or Flipper Mobile App to the SD Card/badusb/ folder. The new payloads will be available in the Bad USB application.
To turn your Flipper Zero into a BadUSB device using USB, do the following:
If qFlipper is running on your computer, close it.
On your Flipper Zero, go to Main Menu -> Bad USB.
Select the payload.
Make sure the Bad USB app is in USB mode — you should see a USB logo (as shown below).
To switch to USB mode, press %right%USB.
If needed, you can modify the keyboard layout (US English is default) by pressing %left%Layout and selecting from the list of layouts.
Connect your Flipper Zero to the computer via a USB cable.
Press %ok%Run to execute the payload on the computer.
To turn your Flipper Zero into a BadUSB device using BLE, do the following:
Activate Bluetooth on your Flipper Zero by going to Main Menu -> Settings -> Bluetooth.
If qFlipper is running on your computer, close it.
On your Flipper Zero, go to Main Menu -> Bad USB.
Select the payload.
Make sure the Bad USB app is in BLE mode — you should see a Bluetooth logo (as shown below).
To switch to BLE mode, press %right%BLE.
If needed, you can modify the keyboard layout (US English is default) by pressing %left%Config and selecting from the list of layouts.
On your computer, go to Bluetooth settings and connect to the detected wireless BadUSB device.
Confirm connection both on your computer and Flipper Zero (by selecting OK on both devices).
On your Flipper Zero, press Run to execute the payload on the computer.
To unpair your Flipper Zero, go to %left%Config and select Remove Pairing.
